在世界經濟論壇峰開幕之際，全球慈善機構樂施會發布報告稱，新冠疫情期間每30個小時就有一位新的億萬富翁誕生，而2022年每33個小時就有近100萬人正陷入極度貧困。樂施會建議向大發疫情財的億萬富翁們征稅，補貼因生存成本上漲而陷入貧困的民眾。

 

A new billionaire emerged every 30 hours during the Covid-19 pandemic, and nearly a million could fall into extreme poverty at around the same rate in 2022. Those are the sobering statistics recently released by Oxfam.

全球慈善機構樂施會近日發布的數據揭示了一個冷酷的現實：新冠疫情期間每30個小時就有一位新的億萬富翁誕生，而2022年每33個小時就有近100萬人正陷入極度貧困。

 

There were 573 more billionaires in the world by March 2022 than in 2020, when the pandemic began, the global charity said in a brief that was published on Monday, the first day of the World Economic Forum summit in Davos, Switzerland. That equates to one new billionaire every 30 hours, Oxfam said.

樂施會在5月23日發布的一份簡報上稱，2022年3月世界上的億萬富翁總人數比2020年疫情初期增加了573位。樂施會表示，這相當于每30個小時就有一位新的億萬富翁誕生。5月23日是瑞士達沃斯舉行的世界經濟論壇峰會開幕的日子。

 

On top of that, it estimated that 263 million people could be pushed into extreme levels of poverty in 2022 because of the pandemic, growing global inequality and rising food prices that have been exacerbated by the war in Ukraine. That’s the equivalent of nearly a million people every 33 hours, Oxfam said.

此外，樂施會估計，2022年將有2.63億人因為疫情、全球不平等惡化和烏克蘭戰爭加劇的食品價格上漲而陷入極度貧困。樂施會表示，這相當于每33個小時就有近100萬人陷入極度貧困。

 

The organization pointed out that billionaires were collectively worth $12.7 trillion as of March. In 2021, billionaire wealth represented the equivalent of nearly 14% of global gross domestic product.

樂施會指出，截至2022年3月，億萬富翁資產總和達到了12.7萬億美元（約合人民幣84.6萬億元）。2021年，億萬富翁的總資產相當于近14%的全球國內生產總值。

 

Gabriela Bucher, executive director of Oxfam International, said that billionaires were arriving at the Davos summit to “celebrate an incredible surge in their fortunes.”

國際樂施會的執行總監加布里埃拉·布赫指出，億萬富翁們來達沃斯峰會是為了“慶祝自己財富的驚人增長”。

 

“The pandemic and now the steep increases in food and energy prices have, simply put, been a bonanza for them,” she said.

她說：“簡而言之，疫情和當前食品能源價格的飛漲給他們帶來了財運。”

 

“Meanwhile, decades of progress on extreme poverty are now in reverse and millions of people are facing impossible rises in the cost of simply staying alive,” Bucher added.

布赫還表示：“與此同時，幾十年來對抗極度貧困取得的進步如今正在倒退，數以百萬計的人正面臨基本生存成本的突飛猛漲。”

 

Oxfam said the fortunes of food and energy billionaires rose by $453 billion in the last two years, equating to $1 billion every two days.

樂施會指出，食品和能源業的億萬富翁在過去兩年間資產增長了4530億美元，相當于每兩天就入賬10億美元。

 

For instance, food giant Cargill was reported to be one of four companies that control more than 70% of global agricultural market, Oxfam said. The corporation, owned by the Cargill family, generated a net income of nearly $5 billion last year — the biggest profit in its history. There are now 12 billionaires in the Cargill family alone, it said, up from eight prior to the pandemic.

樂施會舉了個例子，食品巨頭嘉吉公司據報告是控制全球逾70%的農產品市場的四家企業之一。嘉吉家族擁有的這家企業去年獲得了近50億美元的凈利潤，這是該企業有史以來的最高利潤。現在光是嘉吉家族內部就有12名億萬富翁，而疫情前共有8名。

 

Meanwhile, Oxfam said the pandemic created 40 new billionaires in the pharmaceuticals sector. The billionaires are those who profited from their companies’ monopolies over vaccines, treatments, tests and personal protective equipment.

樂施會指出，與此同時，疫情在制藥行業催生出了40名新的億萬富翁。這些億萬富翁憑借各自企業對疫苗、治療、檢測和個人防護設備的壟斷而獲利。

 

In order to prevent even starker wealth inequality, and to support people with rising food and energy costs, Oxfam recommended that governments impose one-off solidarity taxes on the pandemic windfalls of billionaires.

為了防止財富不平等進一步加劇，給無力應對食品能源價格上漲的民眾提供支持，樂施會建議政府向因疫情而大發橫財的億萬富翁們征收一次性“團結稅”。

 

The charity also suggested that governments end “crisis profiteering” by introducing a 90% temporary excess profit tax on the windfalls generated by big corporations across all sectors.

樂施會還建議政府通過對各行業大公司臨時征收90%的暴利稅，來終止富翁從危機中獲利。

 

Oxfam also proposed a permanent tax to rein in extreme wealth, monopoly power and the higher carbon emissions produced by the super-rich.

樂施會還提議征收固定稅以限制超級富豪的巨額財富、壟斷權力和高碳排放量。

 

It said that an annual wealth tax starting at 2% on millionaires and 5% on billionaires could generate $2.52 trillion a year. That would be enough to lift 2.3 billion people out of poverty, make enough vaccines for the global population, as well as deliver universal health care and social protection for those living in low and lower-middle income countries.

樂施會指出，每年對百萬富翁征收起步稅率為2%的財富稅，對億萬富翁征收起步稅率為5%的財富稅，一年就能產生2.52萬億美元的稅收收入。這些錢足夠讓23億人脫離貧困，為全球人口提供足夠的疫苗，還能為中低收入國家的民眾提供全民醫保和社保。

 

Speaking to CNBC’s Karen Tso in Davos on Monday, Bucher said that there are people in a “battle for survival.”

布赫5月23日在達沃斯對話美國消費者新聞與商業頻道的凱倫·左時表示，有些人正在“為生存而戰斗”。

 

“We need to think about extreme wealth because there is extreme wealth, the hopeful part of all of this is that wealth exists in the world, it’s just very badly distributed,” she said.

她說：“我們需要考慮巨額財富，因為巨額財富確實存在。給人帶來希望的是，財富存在于世界上，只是分配得很不公平而已。”

 

英文來源：美國消費者新聞與商業頻道

翻譯&編輯：丹妮

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