美國勞工部近日公布，美國6月消費者價格指數（CPI）環比上漲1.3%，同比上漲9.1%，再次刷新40年來的最高紀錄。

US inflation surged to a new four-decade high in June because of rising prices for gas, food and rent, squeezing household budgets and pressuring the Federal Reserve to raise interest rates aggressively -- trends that raise the risk of a recession.
由于汽油、食品和房租價格上漲，美國家庭預算緊縮，迫使美聯儲大幅加息，6月份美國通脹率飆升至40年來新高。該趨勢增加了美國經濟衰退的風險。

The government’s consumer price index soared 9.1% over the past year, the biggest yearly increase since 1981, with nearly half of the increase due to higher energy costs.
消費者價格指數（CPI）同比增長9.1%，這是自1981年以來最大同比漲幅，其中近一半增長是因為能源成本的上漲。

Lower-income and Black and Hispanic American have been hit especially hard, since a disproportionate share of their income goes toward essentials such as transportation, housing and food. But with the cost of many goods and services rising faster than average incomes, a vast majority of Americans are feeling the pinch in their daily routines.
低收入人群、黑人和西班牙裔美國人受到的打擊尤其嚴重，因為他們收入的大部分用于交通、住房和食品等必需品。但隨著許多商品和服務的成本上漲比平均收入上漲得更快，絕大多數美國人在日常生活中都感到壓力。

Accelerating inflation is a vexing problem for the Federal Reserve, too. The Fed is already engaged in the fastest series of interest rate hikes in three decades, which it hopes will cool inflation by tamping down borrowing and spending by consumers and businesses.
通脹加劇對美聯儲來說也是一個頭痛的問題。美聯儲已經采取了近三十年來的最大加息動作，希望通過抑制消費者和企業的借貸和支出冷卻通脹。

The US economy shrank in the first three months of the year, and many analysts believe the trend continued in the second quarter.
今年一季度美國經濟出現萎縮，許多分析師認為這一趨勢在第二季度仍在繼續。

“The Fed’s rate hikes are doing what they are supposed to do, which is kill off demand,” said Megan Greene, global chief economist at the Kroll Institute. “The trick is if they kill off too much and we get a recession.”
克羅爾研究所全球首席經濟學家梅根·格林表示：“美聯儲加息是在做他們應該做的事情，那就是扼殺需求。問題是，如果他們扼殺掉太多需求，經濟就會陷入衰退。”

Republican members of Congress have blamed the higher prices on Biden’s economic policies, specifically his $1.9 trillion financial support package approved in March.
美國共和黨議員將物價上漲歸咎于拜登的經濟政策，特別是他在今年3月簽署的1.9萬億美元經濟救助計劃。

“There may be some relief in the July numbers — commodity prices have come off the boil, at least — but we are a very, very long way from inflation normalizing, and there is no tangible sign of downward momentum,” said Eric Winograd, an economist at asset manager AllianceBernstein.
資產管理公司聯博基金經濟學家埃里克·溫諾格拉德表示：“7月份的數據可能會有所緩解，至少大宗商品價格已經回落，但我們離通脹正常化還有很長很長的路要走，通脹勢頭沒有明顯的下降跡象。”

For now, the relentless pace of price increases is frustrating many Americans.
目前，物價持續上漲令許多美國人感到沮喪。

Delores Bledsoe, a truck driver hauling freight from Carlisle, Pennsylvania to Wisconsin on Wednesday, said her fuel costs have tripled. “It’s making me want to get out of the truck and go drive an Uber,” said Bledsoe, who lives in Houston. “It’s depressing.”
7月12日，住在休斯頓的卡車司機德洛雷斯·布萊索的工作是將貨物從賓夕法尼亞州的卡萊爾運往威斯康星州。布萊索表示，燃料成本已經增加了兩倍，“這讓我想放棄開卡車，去開網約車，太令人沮喪了”。

Housing and rental costs are rising steadily as solid job gains encourage more Americans to move out on their own. Rents have risen 5.8% compared with a year ago, the most since 1986. And the cost of decorating homes is still increasing at a rapid pace — furniture prices are up 13% from a year ago — even as retailers such as Walmart and Target experience rising inventories, which should help lower prices.
穩定的就業增長促使更多美國人搬出去自己住，住房和租金成本因此穩步上升。租房成本同比上漲5.8%，達到1986年以來的最高水平。盡管沃爾瑪和塔吉特等零售商不斷增加庫存幫助降低價格，但家庭裝修成本仍在快速增長，家具價格同比增長13%。

The biggest shock has been energy prices, which soared 7.5% just from May to June. Gas prices have skyrocketed nearly 60% compared with a year ago.
受沖擊最大的是能源價格，6月份環比增長7.5%。天然氣價格同比上漲近60%。

Excluding the volatile food and energy categories, so-called core prices rose 0.7% from May to June, the biggest such spike in a year. Core prices jumped 5.9% from a year ago.
除去波動性較大的食品和能源類別，6月核心消費價格指數環比上漲0.7%，為近一年最大漲幅。6月核心消費價格指數相比去年同期上漲了5.9%。

 

來源：美聯社
編輯：董靜

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WS62d1341ba3101c3ee7adf67e

http://www.2008online.cn/a/202207/15/WS62d1341ba3101c3ee7adf67e.html